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A Brief on Keywords of the Insurance Industry


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Key Terms


  • Policyholder / Assured / Insured

  • Carrier / Insurer

  • Insurance Contract

  • Insurance Amount

  • Premium

  • Premium Payment Term / Mode / Frequency

  • Coverage

  • Insurance Agent

  • Insurance Broker

  • Underwriter

  • Actual Case Value (ACV)

  • Replacement Value

  • Appraisal

  • Arbitration

  • Claim

  • Claimant

  • Deductibles

  • Aggregated Limit (Aggregate limit of liability)

  • Zero Depreciation Cover (Bumper to bumper mostly for automobiles)

  • Underwriting (Risk Review / Risk Assessment) - is the process of evaluating the risk of a policyholder filing a claim (Identify risks, Analyze risks & Quote a premium)

  • Underwriting (UW) Adjustment - is a change made to a policy that has not passed the underwriting rules check

    • Document Adjustments

    • Use a consistent approach

    • Use tools

    • Avoid bias

  • Insurance quote: This is an estimate of the cost of an insurance policy based on the information provided by the policyholder.

  • Submission States - Before an individual insurance policy is issued, a submission (potential policy) goes through various stages of the process. The submission status indicates where a submission is within that process.

    • Stages: Quoting, Not Taken, Underwriting, Approved, Pending request, Pending payment, Needs more information, Unapproved, Quoted, Issued)

  • Layering / Layer Builder - the process of building an insurance coverage program by using the excess of loss approach. This involves multiple insurers writing coverage, each over the lower limits written by other insurers

    • Umbrella Liability Coverage, Coinsurance, Layered policy schedule

  • Account current/summary - A summary statement of an insurance agent's business over a period. It includes gross premiums, agency commissions, and payments made or received. The account current ensures that premiums are paid to the insurance company on time

  • Renewal Policy - Renewing an insurance policy extends the coverage of an existing policy beyond its expiration date. This ensures that the policyholder continues to be protected against financial losses and potential risks.

  • COB (Coordination of Benefits) - This is a process that helps health insurance providers determine which plan is primary and which is secondary when a patient has multiple insurance plans. The primary plan pays first, and the secondary plan pays for any additional expenses.

  • Broker finalization on Quote - Broker happy or not happy with quote

  • Policy status - As bound, Firm order noted or Declined



Risk Mitigation


  • Accept

  • Avoid

  • Reduce

  • Transfer



About Insurance Industry


  • Its a Contract

  • Primary Functions

    • Provide Reliability

    • Provide protection

    • Evaluate risk

    • Collective risk sharing

  • Secondary Functions

    • Prevent Losses

    • Provide capital

    • Ensures the welfare of the society

  • Indirect Functions

    • Savings and Investment

    • Risk-free trade

    • Employment



Types of Insurance


  • Auto Insurance

  • Health Insurance

  • Life Insurance

  • Long Term Care Insurance (Catering to people who has chronic medical conditions, mostly for caregiving)

  • Disability Insurance (Prevent the person working cause of a disability)

  • Credit Insurance (purchased by the borrower to take of non-payment scenarios)

  • Property Insurance

  • Homeowners Insurance

  • Business Insurance (like Property Insurance, Liability Insurance, Commercial Vehicle Insurance, Worker compensation insurance)

  • Liability Insurance

  • Rural Insurance (specifically for rural people to take of their farm-related businesses)

  • Annuities (It intends to enhance retirement security as Nature of the underlying investment, Primary Purpose, Nature of pay-out commitment, Tax Status, premium pay-out arrangement, etc)

  • Pet Insurance


General Insurance Principles


  1. Principle of utmost good faith

  2. Principle of proximity cause (causa proximal)

  3. Principle of insurable interest

  4. Principle of indemnity

  5. Principle of subrogation

  6. Principle of contribution (Double Insurance)

  7. Principle of loss minimization


The END.

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